Which drugs are most commonly misused?

Drugs most commonly misused are those that are widely available, produce noticeable effects on mood or thinking, and can be taken outside of medical guidance. These include alcohol, prescription medications (especially opioids, benzodiazepines, and stimulants), cannabis, and illicit drugs such as cocaine and methamphetamine. Misuse refers to taking a substance in a way not intended—such as higher doses, more frequent use, or use without a prescription.

Prescription medications are among the most frequently misused because they are often accessible and perceived as safer. Opioids (like oxycodone), benzodiazepines (like alprazolam), and stimulants (like Adderall) are commonly involved, typically used for their pain-relieving, calming, or energizing effects. Alcohol also remains one of the most commonly misused substances, particularly through binge drinking or regular heavy use.

Illicit drugs such as cocaine, methamphetamine, and certain synthetic drugs are also widely misused, often for their strong stimulant or euphoric effects. Cannabis is frequently used and can be misused in ways that interfere with daily functioning. Across all categories, misuse increases the risk of dependence, health complications, and negative impacts on relationships, work, and overall stability.